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1.
An analytical model for gas leakage through contact interface in proton exchange membrane fuel cells
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(75):32273-32286
Sealing performance between two contacting surfaces is of significant importance to stable operation of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. In this work, an analytical micro-scale approach is first established to predict the gas leakage in fuel cells. Gas pressure and uneven pressure distribution at the interface are also included in the model. At first, the micro tortuous leakage path at the interface is constructed by introducing contact modelling and fractal porous structure theory. In order to obtain the leakage at the entire surface, contact pressure distribution is predicted based on bonded elastic layer model. The gas leakage through the discontinuous interface can be obtained with consideration of convection and diffusion. Then, experiments are conducted to validate the numerical model, and good agreement is obtained between them. Finally, influences of surface topology, gasket compression and gasket width on leakage are studied based on the model. The results show that gas leakage would be greatly amplified when the asperity standard deviation of surface roughness exceeds 1.0 μm. Gaskets with larger width and smaller thickness are beneficial to sealing performance. The model is helpful to understand the gas leakage behavior at the interface and guide the gasket design of fuel cells. 相似文献
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5G蜂窝网络发展迅猛,其覆盖面积将逐渐增大,因此使用5G蜂窝网络进行定位是有研究潜力的研究方向。本文提出一种新的深度学习技术来实现高效、高精度和低占用的定位,以代替传统指纹定位过程中繁重的指纹库生成以及距离计算。该方法建立了一个特殊的卷积神经网络,并根据5G天线信号的接收信号强度指示、相位和到达角等特征量,选择合适的输入数据格式构造样本组建训练集,对该卷积神经网络进行训练。训练得到的卷积神经网络可以替代指纹定位中的庞大指纹库,非常有利于直接在5G移动设备端实现定位。虽然卷积神经网络在训练过程中需要大量时间,但在训练完毕后直接进行分类定位的速度非常快,可以保障定位实现的实时性。本文所实现的卷积神经网络权重与偏置所占内存不到0.5 MB,且能够在实际应用环境中以95%的定位准确率以及0.1 m的平均定位精度实现高精度定位。 相似文献
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5G系统将移动通信服务从移动电话、移动宽带和大规模机器通信扩展到新的应用领域,即所谓对通信服务有特殊要求的垂直领域。对使能未来工厂的5G能力进行了全面的分析总结,包括弹性网络架构、灵活频谱、超可靠低时延通信、时间敏感网络、安全和定位,而弹性网络架构又包括对网络切片、非公共网络、5G局域网和边缘计算的支持。希望从广度到深度,对相关的理论及技术应用做透彻、全面的梳理,对其挑战做清晰的总结,从而为相关研究和工程技术人员提供借鉴。 相似文献
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三维异质异构集成技术是实现电子信息系统向着微型化、高效能、高整合、低功耗及低成本方向发展的最重要方法,也是决定信息化平台中微电子和微纳系统领域未来发展的一项核心高技术。文章详细介绍了毫米波频段三维异质异构集成技术的优势、近年来的发展趋势以及面临的挑战。利用硅基MEMS 光敏复合薄膜多层布线工艺可实现异质芯片的低损耗互连,同时三维集成高性能封装滤波器、高辐射效率封装天线等无源元件,还能很好地处理布线间的电磁兼容和芯片间的屏蔽问题。最后介绍了一款新型毫米波三维异质异构集成雷达及其在远距离生命体征探测方面的应用。 相似文献
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《Advanced Powder Technology》2022,33(12):103879
Heat transfer within ceramic feedstock powders is still unclear, which impedes optimization of the thermal and mechanical properties of the thermal sprayed coatings. The microspheres (yttria-stabilized zirconia YSZ and lanthanum zirconate LZO) were prepared via the electro-spraying assisted phase inversion method (ESP). The thermal properties of the two ESP microspheres and a commercial hollow spherical powder (HOSP) were investigated by using theoretical, experimental, and simulation methods. Thermal conductivity of the single microsphere was estimated via a novel nest model that was derived from the Maxwell-Eucken 1 and the EMT model. Thermal conductivity of a single YSZ/LZO-ESP microsphere prepared at 1100–1200 °C was within 0.36–0.75 W/m K, which was ~ 20 % lower than that of a single YSZ-HOSP microsphere with a similar porosity. Heat flux simulation showed that high tortuosity around the multi-scaled voids of the ESP microsphere led to a more efficient decrease in thermal conductivity compared with total porosity. 相似文献
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Fire Technology - Fire dynamic characteristics in multi-compartments are still not very clear. This paper presents a spreading fire test in a full-scale two-storey steel framed building to... 相似文献
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Tianxing Chen Tengteng Yao Hui Peng Andrew K. Whittaker Yao Li Shenmin Zhu Zhaoyang Wang 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(45):2106079
The convenience of injectable hydrogels that can provide high loading of diverse phototherapy agents and further long-time retention at the tumor site has attracted tremendous interest in simultaneous photothermal and photodynamic cancer therapies. However, to incorporate the phototherapy agents into hydrogels, complex modifications are generally unavoidable. Moreover, these phototherapy agents usually suffer from low efficiency and work at different irradiation wavelengths outside the near infrared windows. Hence, a method for the fabrication of an injectable hydrogel for simultaneous photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy, through the Schiff-base reaction between amido modified carbon dots (NCDs) and aldehyde modified cellulose nanocrystals is proposed. The NCDs act as both phototherapy agents and crosslinkers to form hydrogels. Significantly, the NCDs demonstrate an extremely high photothermal conversion efficiency of 77.6% which is among the highest levels for photothermal agents and a high singlet quantum yield of 0.37 under a single 660 nm light-emitting diode irradiation. The hydrogels are examined through in vitro and in vivo animal experiments which show nontoxic and effectively tumor inhibition. Thus, the strategy of direct reaction of phototherapy agents and the matrix not only provides new strategies for injectable hydrogel fabrication but paves a new road for advanced tumor treatment. 相似文献
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